Stephen Littlechild wrote a report on US competitive electricity markets “The Regulation of Retail Competition in US Residential Electricity Markets”. The report explains that all competitive retail markets in the US except Texas require incumbent network utilities to offer a default supply service to customers who do not choose a retail supplier, and to do so at a rate that reflects the competitive wholesale market price. The report explains how these markets work, how the default service rates are set, what impact they have on competition, and how regulation is evolving in New York where competitive suppliers are required to guarantee that their customers will be better off than on the default service rate | PDF
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